See rowed on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "row<pos:verb>",
"4": "-ed",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rīgǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raigwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwu\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"rǣw\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"rewe\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"row\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\", \"pos\" : \"verb\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"rowed\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"rowed\">\nFrom row (verb) + -ed.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\nFrom row (verb) + -ed.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rowed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "row"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of row"
],
"id": "en-rowed-en-verb-M-6BKbET",
"links": [
[
"row",
"row#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/roːd/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊd"
},
{
"homophone": "road"
},
{
"homophone": "rode"
},
{
"homophone": "Rhode (all not in Scotland)"
}
],
"word": "rowed"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "row<t:line of objects or entries>",
"4": "-ed",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rīgǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raigwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwu\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"rǣw\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"rewe\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"row\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"rowed\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"rowed\">\nFrom row (“line of objects or entries”) + -ed.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\nFrom row (“line of objects or entries”) + -ed.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "rowed (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "multirowed"
},
{
"word": "unrowed"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
14
]
],
"text": "a twelve-rowed ear of corn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Formed into a row, or rows; having a specified number of rows."
],
"id": "en-rowed-en-adj-N2LvLRRs",
"links": [
[
"row",
"row"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/roːd/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊd"
},
{
"homophone": "road"
},
{
"homophone": "rode"
},
{
"homophone": "Rhode (all not in Scotland)"
}
],
"word": "rowed"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms suffixed with -ed",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verb forms",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/aʊd",
"Rhymes:English/aʊd/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "row<pos:verb>",
"4": "-ed",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rīgǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raigwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwu\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"rǣw\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"rewe\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"row\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\", \"pos\" : \"verb\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"rowed\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"rowed\">\nFrom row (verb) + -ed.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\nFrom row (verb) + -ed.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rowed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "row"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of row"
],
"links": [
[
"row",
"row#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/roːd/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊd"
},
{
"homophone": "road"
},
{
"homophone": "rode"
},
{
"homophone": "Rhode (all not in Scotland)"
}
],
"word": "rowed"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -ed",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/aʊd",
"Rhymes:English/aʊd/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "multirowed"
},
{
"word": "unrowed"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "row<t:line of objects or entries>",
"4": "-ed",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rīgǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raigwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*raiwu\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"rǣw\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"rewe\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"row\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"rowed\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"rowed\">\nFrom row (“line of objects or entries”) + -ed.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hreyk-\nProto-Indo-European *-ō\nProto-Indo-European *Hréykō\nProto-Germanic *rīgǭ\nProto-Germanic *raigwō\nProto-Germanic *raiwō\nProto-West Germanic *raiwu\nOld English rǣw\nMiddle English rewe\nEnglish row\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish rowed\nFrom row (“line of objects or entries”) + -ed.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "rowed (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
14
]
],
"text": "a twelve-rowed ear of corn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Formed into a row, or rows; having a specified number of rows."
],
"links": [
[
"row",
"row"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/roːd/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊd"
},
{
"homophone": "road"
},
{
"homophone": "rode"
},
{
"homophone": "Rhode (all not in Scotland)"
}
],
"word": "rowed"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rowed meaning in All languages combined (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.